中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
“数字基础设施:互联互通与创新发展”论坛在浙江乌镇举行******
加速推进数字基础设施融合创新发展
——“数字基础设施:互联互通与创新发展”论坛在浙江乌镇举行
随着全球新一轮科技革命的加速演进,和全社会数字化转型的加快推进,数字基础设施的发展对于经济社会的高质量发展日益重要。
10日,2022年世界互联网大会乌镇峰会“数字基础设施:互联互通与创新发展”论坛召开,中外嘉宾通过主旨演讲、尖峰对话、圆桌派等环节,畅谈数字基础设施的融合创新发展,从标准、技术、建设等多个角度提出建议,并分享各自的创新理念和实践。
“数字基础设施:互联互通与创新发展”论坛现场。光明网见习记者 刘昊摄
数字基础设施不仅包括新一代信息基础设施,还包括应用5G、千兆光网、人工智能等新技术赋能传统行业数字化转型的融合基础设施。
国际电信联盟(ITU)电信标准化部门第十七研究组顾问官杨晓雅说,人类社会正加速向数字化转型,作为数字经济的底座,数字基础设施的重要性已经成为广泛共识,基于标准规范的互联互通和不断创新的技术迭代是数字基础设施发展的必然要求。
随着社会对算力需求的快速激增,算网协同有力支撑着企业上云、用数、汇智。
在中国工程院院士邬贺铨看来,目前云网融合的现状并不理想,因为云跟网是独立建设,其本身的标准、技术不一样,运营主体不同。
邬贺铨谈到,云网和算网融合促进产业链互利共赢,在加速推进云网和算网融合上,不仅要充分发挥IPv6抓手作用,推进云网和算网融合的标准化及开发工作,还需要开展管理体制与商业模式研究。
作为数字基础设施建设运营服务商,中国电信副总经理李峻说,融合是数字基础设施发展的必然趋势,中国电信将以融合为出发点,持续夯实云网融合数字基础设施底座,构筑协同、赋能的新发展格局。
据了解,中国铁塔成立八年来深入贯彻落实网络强国、数字中国战略,持续深化行业共享和协同发展。
中国铁塔副总经理刘国锋介绍,5G商用以来,中国铁塔累计承建5G基站160万个,其中97%以上通过共享存量资源实现。
发展数字基础设施,标准化至关重要。对此,中国通信标准化协会理事长闻库说,只有建立标准才能够实现基础设施互联互通,实现不同领域的上下连接。
当前,全球疫情反复延宕,经济形势不容乐观。“但在这样的情况下,5G的发展脚步没有停下来,其中贡献最大的是中国运营商。”全球移动通信系统协会(GSMA)大中华区总裁斯寒说,GSMA通过促进技术的发展和互联互通,来推动整个数字社会和数字经济的发展。
为推进数字基础设施发展,迎接数智未来,各方在积极探索。其中,中兴通讯高级副总裁、政企业务总裁朱永涛建议,在基础设施方面,要重点探索在智慧城市、交通、金融以及一些垂直行业的数字化发展新路径。
思科从1994年进入到中国,已经服务中国30多年。“面向未来,思科希望自己的创新技术和解决方案,能为中国的现代化发展作贡献。”思科大中华区首席架构师蒋星介绍,思科希望通过对数据的可视性,和基于人工智能的数据分析,给客户一个自动化响应,从而提升客户从通信到应用、从云到端的体验。(光明网记者 孙满桃)
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎)